On the Rocks

A Newsletter of the Michigan Basin Geological Society

2003-2004 Number 6 www.mbgs.org January 2004

EVENTS

January 14, 2004: MBGS-SPE Meeting The speaker is Dave Cramer and his presentation is: “Evaluating well performance & completion effectiveness in hydraulically fractured gas wells”.

February 4, 2004: AAPG Distinguished Lecturer; 4:00pm, 1118 Rood Hall, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan: Dr. Luis Pomar (Universitat de les Illes Balears, Majorca, Spain) on: "Reservoir-scale Heterogeneity of Carbonate Platforms - Some Constraints from the Miocene of the Balearic Islands"

February 11, 2003: MBGS Meeting The speaker is Dr. Steven R. May, AAPG Distinguished Lecturer and his topic is: "Visualization and Volume Interpretation in Geoscience: 3-D Seismic and Beyond"

April 18-21, 2004: AAPG Annual Meeting, Dallas, Texas; for more information go online at www.aapg.org/meetings/dallas04.

May 2004: Conference/Field Excursion Gaylord, Michigan. For more information see the MBGS website at: www.mbgs.org .

September 26-29, 2004: Society of Petroleum Engineers annual meeting Houston, Texas

October 3-6, 2004: 33rd Annual AAPG Eastern Section Meeting Ramada Plaza Hotel

Columbus, Ohio. The theme of this year’s meeting is “Still Economic after all these Years.”

MBGS-SPE Meeting

January 14, 2004

Location: Mountain Jacks

5800 W. Saginaw Highway, Lansing, Michigan

Schedule: 5:00 to 6:00 PM Social Hour

6:00 PM Dinner

Presentation after dinner

Cost $30.00/member $15.00 Student (includes dinner)

Topic: “Evaluating well performance & completion effectiveness in hydraulically fractured gas wells”

By Dave Cramer

MBGS Dinner Meeting Reservation

Name______________________

Number attending _____ Society_____________

Enclosed Registration Fee ______

Please make checks payable to SPE and return to Paul Laubitz by November 17, 2003

Paul Laubitz

ANR Pipeline Company

27725 Stansbury Blvd., Suite 200

Farmington Hills, Michigan 48334

Ph: 248-994-4049 Fax: 248-994-4149

E-mail: paul.laubitz@elpaso.com

2003-2004 MBGS Officers

The Executive Committee meeting minutes are available on the website.

PRESIDENT: TOM GODBOLD, GLMD, DEQ

Ph: 241-1545, fax 517-241-1595 godboldt@michigan.gov

VICE PRESIDENT: MIKE GRAMMER, WMU GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT

Ph: 269-387-3667, fax 269-387-5513 mike.grammer@wmich.edu

SECRETARY: TOM WELLMAN, GLMD, DEQ

Ph: 517-241-1530, fax 517-241-1595 wellmant@michigan.gov

TREASURER & PUBLICATIONS: TOM HOANE, FMFM, DNR

Ph: Bus 517-241-3769, fax 517-373-2443 hoanet@michigan. gov

BUSINESS MANAGER: PAT POLI, MPSC

Gas Division

Ph: Bus 517-241-6141, Fax 517-241-6071 pmpoli@Michigan.gov

PAST-PRESIDENT: MILT GERE, FMFM, DNR

Ph: 517-335-3249, fax 517-373-2443 gerem@michigan.gov

CO-FIELDTRIP DIRECTORS:

MARK WOLLENSAK, CPG

HAMP, MATHEWS & ASSOC, Inc.

Ph: 517-641-7333 Fax 517-641-7337

Cell 517-719-8321

wollensak@voyager.net

LEONARD ESPINOSA, FMFM, DNR

Ph: 517-335-3248, Fax 517-373-2443 espinosl@michigan. gov

NEWSLETTER EDITOR: STAN IDZIAK, SWMD, DEQ

Ph: 517-784-8956, idziaks@michigan. gov

ELECTRONIC PUBLICATIONS, MARK WOLLENSAK (see above)

WEBMASTER: GREG VARNUM

me@gregvarnum.com

University Talks and Seminars Websites

Western Michigan University,

www.wmich.edu/geology/SeminarGeos.html

Michigan State University,

www.glg.msu.edu/news/lectures.html

University of Michigan, Turner Lecture Series,

www.geo.lsa.umich.edu/announce/turner02b.html

Michigan AIPG Section website: www.aipg-mi.org.

MEETING CANCELLATION POLICY

Monthly meetings will be automatically cancelled whenever the National Weather Service issues a "Storm Warning" for the Lansing area. If driving conditions are poor but a "Warning" has not been issued please contact any member of the Executive Committee for the status of the meeting.

MICHIGAN BASIN GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS

Historical CD #1: Nine out-of-print publications from 1949 through 1965 and 1998, Devonian to Silurian Rock Fieldtrips to MI, WI, IL and Ontario, 2000, $15

Historical CD #2: Four out-of-print publications from 1947, 1959, 1983 and 1991, Northern Devonian and UP Fieldtrips in MI, 2001, $10

Historical CD #3: Six out-of-print publications from 1947. 1959, 1983 and 1991, Northern Devonian and UP Fieldtrips in MI, 2001, $12

Special Price - Historical CD #1, #2 & #3, $30

Stratigraphic Lexicon for Michigan, 2001, prepared by MBGS and published by DEQ, 56 pp., chart, $2.65 picked up or $4 mailed, Can be ordered from MBGS or Geological Survey Div. of the DEQ

Price Includes postage, handling and any applicable sales tax. MBGS Members receive a 10% discount on MBGS publications.

Orders for publications should be prepaid in U.S. Funds and addressed to:

MBGS - Publications

c/o Dept. of Geological Sciences

206 Natural Sciences Building

Michigan State University

East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1115

MBGS Mug and Jacket Sale

The Michigan Basin Geological Society is offering mugs and jackets with the society logo for sale. The mugs are $5.00 each. The jackets are $60.00 each plus postage. Please contact Dan McGuire at: Phone (517) 772-5219, Fax (517) 772-7021, or danmcguire@sensible-net.com. Remember to include the correct size of the jacket and the quantity of each item. Checks should be made out to the MBGS.

Evaluating Well Performance and Completion Effectiveness

in Hydraulically Fractured Gas Wells

Dave Cramer

Abstract

Hydraulic fracture stimulation often dictates the economic outcome of wells completed in gas reservoirs, especially in reservoirs exhibiting low permeability. Making the effort to understand well performance—the rate and pressure behavior of a well over its productive life—provides the opportunity to discover the key elements driving stimulation and completion effectiveness in any particular environment. This presentation demonstrates the integrated use of reservoir engineering tools to evaluate well performance, identify flow regimes, and distinguish between reservoir and completion induced behavior. These tools include well log analysis (for pay identification and petrophysical calculations), the reciprocal productivity semi log method (to normalize the inevitable variations in flow rate when evaluating the post-linear, infinite acting radial flow period), type-curve analysis, material balance (estimation of reservoir volume during pseudo-steady state flow) using the Cartesian plot, pressure buildup analysis (prefracture and post-fracture), finite-difference reservoir simulation, and systems analysis. Case studies of single wells and entire fields draining low permeability gas reservoirs are used to demonstrate this methodology, and significant reservoir, completion, and production factors affecting well performance are identified as an outcome. The above results are compared to history-matched output from 3D or pseudo-3D hydraulic fracturing simulators, comparing the simulated hydraulic fracture characteristics with the actual impact of the emplaced fracture, offering additional clues to stimulation effectiveness. The impact of critical completion and production factors will be revealed and discussed. These problems and factors include wellbore liquid loading (in reducing or eliminating the effective hydraulic fracture length), treatment fluid and proppant volumes, proppant concentration, fracturing fluid systems, treatment isolation strategies and sequencing of multipay completions, treatment flowback strategy, use of velocity/ tubing strings and selection of landing depths, and shutting in a producing well. Remedies are suggested for stimulation and completion induced problems.

Biography

Dave Cramer is the Rocky Mountain Region technical manager for BJ Services. He has 25 years of experience in well stimulation and cementing. Cramer has authored 33 papers, delivered more than 100 technical-society presentations on well completion and performance topics, and is a co-inventor of two U.S. patents. He was awarded the Henry Mattson Technical Achievement Award by the Denver SPE chapter in 1993.

CALL FOR PAPERS

AAPG—EASTERN SECTION 2004 MEETING

You are cordially invited to attend the 33rd annual meeting of the Eastern Section of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (ES-AAPG), in Columbus, Ohio, October 3-6, 2004.

The theme of this year’s meeting is “Still Economic after all these Years.”

From the historic days of the Drake well and the world’s first giant oil-and-gas field (the Lima-Indiana producing trend) to the present-day exploration for new frontier horizons, our region

has been contributing to the world’s energy resources for nearly 150 years. Geoscientists have led the way in developing the ideas and innovative techniques necessary to sustain our industry, and are the reason our region is “Still Economic after all these Years.”

ES-AAPG together with AAPG’s Division of Environmental Geosciences (DEG), Energy Minerals Division (EMD), and Division

of Professional Affairs (DPA) will offer two concurrent oral sessions each day of the meeting and two full-day poster sessions. A post-meeting workshop also is being planned. This years meeting not only incorporates our goal of highlighting new exploration plays, but also offers a forum to emphasize new ideas for old plays, new technologies and ideas for finding or

developing reserves, and historical perspectives that provide a foundation for new opportunities. The technical Program Committee encourages you to contribute an abstract for an oral or poster presentation and participate in this informative and exciting meeting. All papers of interest to the Eastern Section will be considered.

Information for Presenters

Authors are invited to submit new and original work for either oral or poster sessions outlined in this call for papers. Abstracts are due by APRIL 1, 2004. Authors will be notified of acceptance

or rejection by June 1, 2004. Oral sessions will be 25 minutes in length followed by a 5-minute question period. Speakers are strongly encouraged to follow AAPG guidelines for slide preparation, as good visual aids go a long way toward making a quality presentation.

Conventional slide projectors, computer projector, screens, a lighted lectern, microphone, and laser pointer will be provided in each room. If a PowerPoint presentation is given, you must

provide us with your PowerPoint file a week prior to the meeting to reduce the possibility of technical difficulties. Poster sessions will run a full day. Poster authors are expected to be in their booths a minimum of 4 hours, split between morning and afternoon sessions. Authors will be provided two (three if requested in advance) 4 ft by 8 ft boards suitable for Velcro® attachment of

posters, a table, chairs, and electricity. Abstracts should be submitted electronically, if possible, following instructions below or on our website: http://www.ohiodnr .com/geosurvey/aapg04.htm. Paper submissions are acceptable using the form included in this call for papers. Please also submit an abstract application form and state whether you prefer an oral or poster presentation or if either is applicable. Over-subscription

may mean that some papers will be moved from poster to oral, and vice versa, but only upon approval of the authors. Many people will decide to attend a presentation based solely on its

title. Therefore, it would be beneficial for you to make your title as brief and as interesting as possible while still conveying the main topic.

Please do not submit an abstract unless at least one author is certain to attend the meeting. Speakers are required to register for the meeting.

Proposed Topics:

. Bypassed Reservoirs in Mature Fields

. Geochemistry and Source Rock Studies

. Cambrian/Ordovician Frontier Plays—Trenton/Black River, Knox, and Pre-Knox units

. Fractured Reservoirs

. Enhanced Oil Recovery

. Unconventional Petroleum Systems and Methods for Hydrocarbon Recovery—Geochemical Techniques,

Horizontal Drilling, Basin-Centered Gas Systems, Fractured Shale-Gas

. Coalbed Methane Opportunities

. Environmental Assessment, Remediation and

Hydrogeology Issues

. GIS and Computer Applications in Petroleum Geology

. Historical Retrospect of Eastern Plays

. Geophysical Methods Including 2D, 3D Seismic, and Aeromagnetic Interpretation

. Detailed Studies/Case Histories of Oil and Gas Fields

. Hydrocarbon Resources of the Great Lakes

. Sequence Stratigraphy—Applications in Exploration and Development

. Impact Features and Hydrocarbon Potential

. Reservoir Characterization of Siliciclastics and Carbonates

. Evaluation and Prediction of Stratigraphic Traps

. CO2 Sequestration—Studies and potential impact on the region

. Impact Features and Hydrocarbon Potential

. Reservoir Characterization of Siliciclastics and Carbonates

. Evaluation and Prediction of Stratigraphic Traps

. CO2 Sequestration—Studies and potential impact on the region

33rd Annual Meeting

Ramada Plaza Hotel

Columbus, OH Oct. 3-6, 2004

Hosted by:

Ohio Geological Society

Ohio Geological Survey

General Co-Chairs

Larry Wickstrom, Ohio Geological Survey Steve Zody, Zody Geoscience

4383 Fountain Square Dr. P.O. Box 921Columbus, OH 43224-1362 Wooster, OH 44691

e-mail: larry.wickstrom@dnr.state.oh.us

e-mail: zodyoil@sssnet.com

Ph: (614) 265-6598 ph: (330) 262-4323

Technical Program Chair

Ron Riley, Ohio Geological Survey

4383 Fountain Square Dr.

Columbus, OH 43224-1362

e-mail: ron.riley@dnr.state.oh.us

Ph: (614) 265-6573

EXHIBITOR, SPONSOR & DEAL ROOM OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE

EXHIBIT SPACE will be available throughout the meeting.

Contact: Jim Hanlon, Hanlon Exploration

2421 Johnstown Rd.

Dover, OH 44622

Ph: (330) 343-6433

e-mail: GeoJimJH@aol.com

DEAL ROOM—Space will be available to sell/buy prospects, properties, venture opportunities.

Contact: Amy Lang, Exploration Geologist

P. O. Box 340346

Columbus, OH 43234

Ph: (614) 717-9262

e-mail: aburke@ee.net

SPONSORSHIPS—Sponsor a session, coffee break, event, room, or entertainment.

Contact: Pete MacKenzie, CGAS Exploration, Inc.

4770 Indianola Ave.

Box 14981

Columbus, OH 43214

Ph: (614) 888-9588

e-mail: Pete@cgasinc.com

ABSTRACT FORMAT AND INSTRUCTIONS

The format described below must be used to submit your abstract. Your abstract will appear in the proceedings exactly as it submitted, so please read and follow these instructions. All information listed below should be typed in the font of your choice, 12-point size, on an 81/2 x 11 inch paper, portrait orientation, 1-inch top, bottom, left, and right margins.

1. TITLE—The first item you should list is the title of your abstract. Titles should be in bold upper and lower case text, aligned with the left margin, beginning on the first line below the top margin. Example title: The Integration of Ohio’s Oil and Gas Well Data

2. AUTHORS—After the title, skip one line and type the senior author’s name first, followed by additional authors (see example below). CAPITALIZE the name of each author. In upper and lower case text following the name include the author’s affiliation, city, and state/province. If the speaker will not be the senior author, put an asterisk (*) after the speaker’s name. Example authors: MCDONALD, JAMES, JOSEPH G. WELLS, LAWRENCE H. WICKSTROM*, Ohio Division of Geological Survey, Columbus, OH, MICHAEL P. MCCORMAC and GREGG M.

MILLER, Ohio Division of Mineral Resources Management, Columbus, OH

3. ABSTRACT—Skip another line and begin the body of your abstract. Abstracts for both oral and poster presentations are limited to 250 words or less. Only the title should be bold. Use full width of the page (within margins); indent the first line of each paragraph by 1/4 inch; lines must be single-spaced; justify the type to the left and right margins; no illustrations, references, or abbreviations. PLEASE PROOFREAD—no corrections will be made.

You may either save the abstract form (available on the web site in Word) and your abstract in a Word document or in rich text format (.rtf) and email to Ron Riley, save the abstract form and your abstract in rich text format on a 31/2 inch floppy or compact disc and mail to Ron Riley, or print the completed abstract form, attach your printed abstract, and mail to Ron Riley. Use the following file name format (all lower case)—corresponding author’s last name_corresponding author’s first name_abstract number (use 1 for the first abstract submitted by the author, 2 for the

second abstract submitted by the same author, and so on). Example file name: doe_john_1.rtf

Abstract form on next page

MAIL ABSTRACT AND ABSTRACT FORM TO:

Ron Riley, Technical Program Chair

Ohio Geological Survey

4383 Fountain Square Dr.

Columbus, OH 43224-1362

OR E-MAIL FORM FROM WEB SITE AND ABSTRACT TO:

ron.riley@dnr.state.oh.us

DEADLINE: APRIL 1, 2004

*Deadline (noun): a date or time before which something

must be done and after which the opportunity passes: the time

limit after which copy is not accepted for use in a publication

All papers of interest to the AAPG

Eastern Section will be considered

AAPG-EASTERN SECTION 2004 ABSTRACT FORM

Deadline*: April 1, 2004

NOTE: The content of your abstract is your responsibility. Please check it carefully.

Speaker’s Name (last name first) _____________________________________________________________________________

Affiliation (employer):____________________________________________________________

Office Phone: __________ Office FAX: ____________E-mail:____________________________

Address: ______________________________________________________________________

City, State, ZIP/Postal Code: ____________________________________________________________________________

For: Oral ___ Poster ___ Either ___ Are you a student? ___

Please indicate preferred session: 1): ______________________________________________

2): __________________________________________________________________________

If your paper does not fit a proposed topic, indicate your topic with two or three key words: ____________________________________

Is this an invited paper? ____ Invited by whom? ______________________________________

Has this or a similar paper been presented before? ____________________________________

Where? _________________________________________ When? _______________________

How does this paper differ from previous ones? _____________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mode of presentation: 35 mm slides (one projector ___ two projectors ____) OR PowerPoint (single screen) ____